一种低剖面可重构全向圆极化天线的设计

黄杰; 孙虎成

引用本文:	黄杰,孙虎成. 一种低剖面可重构全向圆极化天线的设计[J]. 雷达科学与技术, 2022, 20(2): 231-236.[点击复制]
	HUANG Jie,SUN Hucheng. Design of a Low-Profile Reconfigurable Omnidirectional Circularly-Polarized Antenna[J]. Radar Science and Technology, 2022, 20(2): 231-236.[点击复制]

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一种低剖面可重构全向圆极化天线的设计
黄杰,孙虎成
南京信息工程大学应用电磁学研究中心，江苏南京 210044

摘要:

本文提出了一种低剖面极化可重构全向圆极化天线。该天线由一个1×4偶极子阵列天线和一个单极子天线组成，通过设计可重构馈电网络来激励这两部分子天线，可产生左右旋可切换的全向圆极化波。设计的馈电网络主要由一单刀双掷开关电路和一紧凑二阶3dB耦合器组成，从而可输出幅度相等、相位差可在±90°间切换的两路信号。将馈电网络的两输出端口分别与水平极化的偶极子阵列天线和垂直极化的单极子天线相连，便可使天线在左旋圆极化(LHCP)和右旋圆极化(RHCP)两种辐射状态之间切换。设计的天线总体截面积为59.9×59.9×πmm2，天线厚度为0.058λ0。测试结果表明，该天线在左右旋圆极化状态下的阻抗带宽（|S11|＜ -10 dB）分别为21.5%（2.24~2.78GHz）和19.4%（2.32~2.81GHz）。全向左右旋圆极化状态的重叠轴比带宽(AR＜3dB)约为7% (2.44~2.62GHz)。天线的最高增益为-0.9dB,水平面增益波动小于1.3dB。

关键词: 极化可重构天线圆极化馈电网络耦合器

DOI：DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-2337.2022.02.016

分类号:TN82

基金项目:

Design of a Low-Profile Reconfigurable Omnidirectional Circularly-Polarized Antenna

HUANG Jie,SUN Hucheng

Research Center of Applied Electromagnetics, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China

Abstract:

In this paper, a low-profile polarization-reconfigurable omnidirectional circularly-polarized antenna is proposed. The antenna consists of a 1×4 dipole array antenna and a monopole antenna. By designing a reconfigurable feeding network to excite the two antennas, switchable dual circularly-polarized waves can be gene-rated. The designed feeding network is mainly composed of a single-pole-double-throw switching circuit and a compact second-order 3-dB coupler, so that the two outputs of equal amplitudes and switchable phase differences between ±90° can be achieved. By connecting the two output ports of the feeding network with the horizontally-polarized dipole antenna array and the vertically-polarized monopole antenna, the whole antenna can be switched between the left-handed circular polarization (LHCP) and the right-handed circular polarization (RHCP) radiation states. The overall cross-sectional area of the designed antenna is 59.9×59.9×πmm2, while the thickness of the antenna is 0.058λ0. The measured results show that the impedance bandwidth (|S11|＜-10dB) of the antenna is 21.5% (2.24~2.78GHz) and 19.4% (2.32~2.81GHz) for LHCP and RHCP, respectively. The overlapped axial-ratio (AR) bandwidth (AR＜3dB) of omnidirectional dual-circular-polarization state is about 7% (2.44~2.62GHz). The maximum gain of the antenna is -0.9dB, while the gain variation in the horizontal plane is less than 1.3dB.

Key words: polarization reconfigurable antenna circle polarization feeding network coupler